@article {12600,
	title = {Using stable isotopes to assess dietary changes of American black bears from 1980 to 2001},
	journal = {Isotopes in Environmental \& Health Studies},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2014},
	month = {August},
	pages = {382-398},
	publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Wildlife management},
	author = {Teunissen Van Manen, Jennapher L. and Muller, Lisa I. and Li, Zheng-Hua and Saxton, Arnold M. and Pelton, Michael R.}
}
@mastersthesis {6400,
	title = {Seasonal Changes in White Adipose Tissue in American Black Bears (Ursus americanus)},
	year = {2013},
	month = {May},
	school = {University of Tennessee},
	type = {Masters of Science},
	address = {Knoxville, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1651/},
	author = {Hill, Elizabeth Marie}
}
@article {3895,
	title = {Assessing Longitudinal Diet Patterns of Black Bears in Great Smoky Mountains National Park Using Stable Nitrogen Isotopes},
	journal = {International Bear News},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Illustrations},
	month = {February},
	pages = {37- 38},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	url = {http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/IBN_Newsletters/IBN_Low_February_2012.pdf$\#$page=37},
	author = {Teunissen van Manen, Jennapher L and Muller, Lisa I and Li, Zheng-Hua and Saxton, Arnold M and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@article {7115,
	title = {Our Southern Highlanders},
	journal = {Smoky Mountain Historical Society Journal and Newsletter},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Full text is available to members of the Smoky Mountain Historical Society. Originally published in The Bison, at the University of Buffalo.},
	month = {summer},
	pages = {7-13},
	abstract = {<p>Describes a camping trip to the Smoky Mountains in 1930, complete with conversations with residents and reactions to them by the city men on their adventure, which included a foray to check on bear traps.\&nbsp; Includes a photograph of Mark Bohanan, the man who took them on the bear hunt, and his wife.</p>},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Mountain life -- Hunting, Mountain people, Personal narratives, Tourism},
	author = {Parke, Robert}
}
@mastersthesis {5900,
	title = {Using Stable Isotopes to Assess Longitudinal Diet Patterns of Black Bears (Ursus americanus) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	year = {2011},
	month = {May},
	school = {University of Tennessee},
	type = {Masters of Science},
	address = {Knonxville, TN},
	abstract = {Long-term diet patterns based on stable isotope analysis may be helpful to understand changes in food selection of black bears (Ursus americanus) over time and guide management programs to reduce human-bear conflicts. An enriched stable carbon isotope signature indicates an anthropogenic food source in the diet and an enriched nitrogen signature indicates a higher tropic level for a species. I examined longitudinal feeding patterns from 117 hair samples of black bears live captured in Great Smoky Mountains National Park during 1980{\textendash}2001 using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis from hair samples. I developed a set of a priori models to examine if sex, age class, year, weight class, total hard mast index, white oak index (Quercus spp.), red oak index (Quercus spp.), nuisance status and hog harvest (Sus scrofa) affected stable isotope signatures. I used model averaging and an estimator of the unconditional variance was used to account for model uncertainty. The δ[delta]13C signatures differed by weight class with above average weight, ({\ss}[Beta] = 0.76{\textperthousand}; 95\% CI = 0.28 to 1.23) and average weight ({\ss}[Beta] = 0.42{\textperthousand}; CI = 0.06 to 0.78) showing enriched values compared to below average bears. Bears had enriched δ[delta]15N signatures in years with low white oak mast production ({\ss}[beta] = -0.19, CI = -0.34 to -0.03) and depleted when white oak hard mast was abundant. Sub adult bears had enriched δ[delta]15N signatures compared to adult and older adult bears. Variation of nitrogen values was small during 1980{\textendash}1991 ( = 2.57, SD = 0.28) but increased substantially during 1992{\textendash}2000 ( = 2.29, SD = 0.71) when there was substantial variation in hard mast production. Bears in better physical condition appear more likely to access anthropogenic food sources. In years of low white oak acorn production, the larger bears and sub adult bears are more likely to turn to alternative food sources. The long term variation detected in this study is important in identifying which bears are potentially more likely to seek out the anthropogenic food sources when changes occur in availability of natural foods.},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Wildlife management},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/914/},
	author = {Van Manen, Jennapher Teunissen}
}
@article {12318,
	title = {Focus on Bears: Food and Fear},
	journal = {Smoky Mountain Living},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2007},
	month = {winter},
	pages = {104-106},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Habitat},
	author = {Lea, Bill}
}
@article {12294,
	title = {Black Bears: Monsters or Teddy Bears?},
	journal = {Smoky Mountain Living},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2005},
	month = {winter},
	pages = {10-15},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Habitat},
	author = {Lea, Bill}
}
@article {3390,
	title = {Energetic Production by Soft and Hard Mast Foods of American Black Bears in the Smoky Mountains},
	journal = {URSUS},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {57-68},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	url = {http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_13/Inman_13.pdf},
	author = {Inman, Robert Michael and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@proceedings {5243,
	title = {Energetic Production by Black Bear Foods in the Smoky Mountains},
	journal = {11th International Conference on Bear Research and Management},
	year = {1998},
	month = {April},
	pages = {26},
	publisher = {International Association for Bear Research \& Management},
	address = {Gatlinburg, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Habitat},
	author = {Inman, Robert Michael and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@mastersthesis {4062,
	title = {Caloric Production of Black Bear Foods in Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	year = {1997},
	month = {December},
	school = {University of Tennessee},
	type = {Master of Science},
	address = {Knoxville, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Fauna, Mammals},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/7/},
	author = {Inman, Robert Michael}
}
@article {3786,
	title = {Nutrient Content of Squawroot, Conopholis americana, and its Importance to Southern Appalachian Black Bears, Ursus americanus (Carnivora:ursidae)},
	journal = {Brimleyana},
	volume = {21},
	year = {1994},
	pages = {151-156},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	author = {Seibert, Steven G and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@article {5002,
	title = {Bear Incident and Management Action Report},
	year = {1993},
	month = {February },
	institution = {National Park Service},
	address = {Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Management},
	url = {http://diglib.lib.utk.edu/dotsdata/DeLoxier_MemorandumAndReportOnAnnualBearIncident_1993.pdf},
	author = {Delozier, E. Kim}
}
@article {3598,
	title = {Some Demographic Comparisons of Wild and Panhandler Bears in Great Smoky Mountains},
	journal = {Bears: Their Biology and Management},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1990},
	note = {From the International Conference on Bear Research Management.},
	pages = {105-112},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Mammals},
	url = {http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_8/McLean_Pelton_8.pdf},
	author = {Mclean, Peter K and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@article {3027,
	title = {Seasonal Changes in Digestion in Black Bears},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Zoology},
	volume = {66},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {1482-1484},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Mammals},
	author = {Brody, Allan J and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@proceedings {2882,
	title = {Seasonal Nutrition of Black                        Bears in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	journal = {Fifth International Conference                        on Bear Research and Management},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1983},
	pages = {94-101},
	publisher = {International Association for Bear                    and Research Management},
	address = {Madison, WI},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Mammals},
	url = {http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_5/Eagle___Pelton_Vol_5.pdf},
	author = {Eagle, Thomas C and Pelton, Michael R},
	editor = {Meslow, E. Charles}
}
@mastersthesis {5309,
	title = {Activity Patterns, Movement Ecology, and Habitat Utilization of Black Bears in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	year = {1982},
	note = {Illustrations},
	pages = {1-139},
	school = {The University of Tennessee},
	type = {Masters},
	address = {Knoxville, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Habitat},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2497/},
	author = {Quigley, Howard B}
}
@inbook {2853,
	title = {Black Bear Research in the Great Smoky Mountains},
	booktitle = {Eighth Annual Scienctific                        Research Meeting; June 24-25, 1982; Tremont Environmental Educational                        Center, Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	year = {1982},
	month = {June},
	pages = {20-22},
	publisher = {U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service},
	organization = {U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service},
	address = {Atlanta, GA},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Management, Mammals},
	author = {Pelton, Michael R}
}
@article {3266,
	title = {Movements of Black Bears in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	journal = {Journal of Wildlife Management},
	volume = {45},
	year = {1981},
	month = {October},
	pages = {912-925},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	author = {Garshelis, David L and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@conference {5307,
	title = {Seasonal Foods and Feeding Ecology of Black Bears in the Smoky Mountains},
	booktitle = {Bears -- Their Biology and Management: Fifth International Conference on Bear Research and Management},
	year = {1980},
	note = {Illustrations, Maps},
	month = {February},
	pages = {141-147},
	publisher = {International Association for Bear Research and Management},
	organization = {International Association for Bear Research and Management},
	address = {West Glacier, MT},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food},
	author = {Beeman, Larry Eugene and Pelton, Michael R and Martinka, Clifford J}
}
@conference {11812,
	title = {Aggression in Human-Bear Interactions: The Influence of Setting},
	booktitle = {2nd Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks},
	year = {1979},
	month = {November 26-30},
	pages = {185},
	publisher = {University of Tennessee},
	organization = {University of Tennessee},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Tourism, Wildlife management},
	author = {Eagar, Jane Tate}
}
@conference {11800,
	title = {The Environmental Impact of LeConte Lodge, Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	booktitle = {2nd Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks},
	year = {1979},
	month = {November 26-30},
	pages = {312},
	publisher = {Duke University},
	organization = {Duke University},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Hiking, Invasive plants, LeConte Lodge, Recreation management},
	author = {Nichols, Rosemary}
}
@mastersthesis {4037,
	title = {Foods of Black Bears in the Greate Smoky Mountains National Park},
	year = {1979},
	note = {Maps},
	month = {June},
	school = {University of Tennessee},
	type = {Master of Science},
	address = {Knoxville, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Fauna, Mammals},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2499/},
	author = {Eagle, Thomas C}
}
@conference {2870,
	title = {Seasonal Foods and Feeding Ecology of Black Bears in the Smoky Mountains},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Bear Reserach and Management},
	volume = {4},
	year = {1977},
	month = {February},
	pages = {141-147},
	publisher = {International Association of Bear Reserach and Management},
	organization = {International Association of Bear Reserach and Management},
	address = {Kalispell, Montana},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Fauna, Mammals},
	url = {http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_4/Beeman_Pelton_Vol_4.pdf},
	author = {Beeman, Larry Eugene and Pelton, Michael R}
}
@conference {5193,
	title = {Summary of Black Bear Research in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park},
	booktitle = {3rd Eastern  Workshop On Black Bear Management },
	volume = {3},
	year = {1976},
	pages = {37-46},
	publisher = {U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service},
	organization = {U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service},
	address = {Hershey, Pennsylvania},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Management, Fauna, Mammals},
	url = {http://diglib.lib.utk.edu/dotsdata/Pelton_SummaryOfBlackBearResearch_1976.pdf},
	author = {Pelton, Michael R}
}
@mastersthesis {4780,
	title = {Investigation on Perception and Behavior of the American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)},
	year = {1973},
	note = {Illustrations},
	month = {June},
	school = {The University of Tennessee},
	type = {PhD in Philosophy},
	address = {Knoxville, Tennessee},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Black bears -- Habitat},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1611/},
	author = {Bacon, Ellis Sutton}
}
@mastersthesis {4014,
	title = {Seasonal Food Habits of the Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) in the Smoky Mountains of Tennessee and North Carolina},
	year = {1971},
	month = {August},
	school = {University of Tennessee},
	type = {Masters of Science},
	address = {Knoxville, TN},
	keywords = {Black bears, Black bears -- Food, Mammals},
	url = {http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1459},
	author = {Beeman, Larry Eugene}
}
@article {11627,
	title = {More on Bears in the Smokies},
	journal = {Appalachian Trailway News},
	volume = {30},
	year = {1969},
	month = {January},
	pages = {7},
	abstract = {This is a letter from the Assistant Superintendent of the GSMNP, in response to Emily H. Earley{\textquoteright}s earlier letter, in which he describes efforts and constraints related to tourists feeding bears.},
	keywords = {Black bears -- Food, Park personnel, Tourism},
	author = {Davis, Dan}
}
@article {11625,
	title = {Bears Versus Garbage Cans in the Smokies},
	journal = {Appalachian Trailway News},
	volume = {29},
	year = {1968},
	month = {September},
	pages = {40},
	abstract = {This is a reprint of a letter to the Superintendent of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park that the editor thought her readers would be interested in.  It describes ideas for preventing tourists from feeding the bears.},
	keywords = {Backpacking, Black bears -- Food, Tourism},
	author = {Earley, Emily H and Nichols, Florence}
}
