Simpson, Marcus B., and Douglas H. Pratt. Birds of the Blue Ridge Mountains : A Guide for the Blue Ridge Parkway, Great Smoky Mountains, Shenandoah National Park, and Neighboring Areas. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina , 1992.

H. Pratt, Douglas. "Additional Notes on the Birds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina." The Chat 35 (1971): 1-4.